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RAFTWEB: raft.org/ws - riverat.com Copyright ©2004


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Ownership of Materials
Materials are copyrighted and protected by copyright and other laws. The materials herein are copyrighted. Any unauthorized use of the materials may violate copyright, trademark, and/or other laws. They may not be modified, published, copied, reproduced, uploaded, posted, distributed, or transmitted in any way without RAFTWEB: raft.org/ws - riverat.com's prior written permission.

Use of Materials
The copyright in all material provided on this site ("RAFTWEB WebSite") is held by RAFTWEB: raft.org/ws - riverat.com ("RAFTWEB") or by the original creator of the material. All material provided on the RAFTWEB Website is protected under the copyright laws of the United States of America. Except as stated herein, none of the material may be copied, reproduced, saved, disseminated, distributed, republished, downloaded, displayed, posted or transmitted in any form or by any means, including, but not limited to, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of RAFTWEB: raft.org/ws - riverat.com or the copyright owner.

Permission is granted to display, copy, distribute and download the materials on this RAFTWEB WebSite for your personal, non-commercial use only, provided the user does not modify the materials and that you retain all copyright and other proprietary notices contained in the materials. You also may not, without RAFTWEB: raft.org/ws - riverat.com's formal written permission, "mirror" nor "spoof" any material contained on this Site on any other server. This permission terminates automatically if you breach any of these terms or conditions. Upon termination, you must immediately destroy any copied or downloaded and printed materials. Any unauthorized use of any material contained on this Site may violate copyright laws, trademark laws, the laws of privacy and publicity, and communications regulations and statutes.

Site Use www.RAFTWEB: raft.org/ws - riverat.com.com
The materials on this web site (the "Site") are provided by RAFTWEB: raft.org/ws - riverat.com ("RAFTWEB") as a service to its customers and shall be used for only for informational purposes. Downloading or Printing any materials from this Site means you agree to these terms. If you do not agree to RAFTWEB: raft.org/ws - riverat.com's terms, do not use the Site or download any materials from the Site. You may not modify the materials at this Site in any way or publicly display, distribute, reproduce, perform, or otherwise use them for any commercial or public purpose. RAFTWEB: raft.org/ws - riverat.com prohibits any use of these materials on any other website or networked computer environment for any purpose.

RAFTWEB: raft.org/ws - riverat.com authorizes you to view and download the materials at this Site only for your non-commercial, personal use, provided that you retain all copyright and other proprietary notices contained in the original materials on any copies.

If you breach any of these terms, your authorization to use the Site is terminated and you must immediately destroy any downloaded and/or printed materials. You may not use, export or re-export the materials or services at this Site or any adaptation or copy in violation of any applicable laws or regulations, including without limitation U.S. export laws or regulations. These terms shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of California, without giving effect to any principles of conflicts of laws.

RAFTWEB: raft.org/ws - riverat.com may revise these terms at any time. If you choose to access this Site from outside the United States, you do so on your own initiative and are responsible for compliance with all local laws. You should visit this Site from time to time to review the current terms because they bind you. Certain terms may be superseded by expressly designated legal notices or terms located on particular pages at this Site.

Single Copy License
The unauthorized use of any materials at this Site may violate copyright, trademark, and/or other laws. The materials herein are copyrighted. Users may download one copy of the information or software ("Materials") found on RAFTWEB: raft.org/ws - riverat.com's sites on a single computer for their personal, internal, non-commercial use only unless licensed to do otherwise by RAFTWEB: raft.org/ws - riverat.com in writing or as allowed by any license terms that accompany or are provided with individual Materials. This is a license, not a transfer of title. Licensees are subject to the following restrictions:

Licensees may not:

  1. modify the Materials or use them for any commercial purpose or public display, performance, sale or rental;
  2. decompile, reverse engineer, or disassemble software Materials except as permitted by applicable law;
  3. remove any copyright or other proprietary notices from the Materials;
  4. transfer the Materials to another person;
  5. remove or alter any embedded authorship and identification information.
Users agree to prevent any unauthorized copying of the Materials. RAFTWEB: raft.org/ws - riverat.com may terminate this license at any time if a user is in breach of the terms of this Agreement. Upon termination, users shall destroy the Materials immediately.


US Government Restricted Use Legend

The materials on this RAFTWEB WebSite are provided with "RESTRICTED RIGHTS." Use, duplication, or disclosure by the Government is subject to restrictions as set forth in applicable laws and regulations. Use of the materials by the Government constitutes acknowledgment of RAFTWEB: raft.org/ws - riverat.com's proprietary rights in them.


International Copyright Law

Copyright ©2004
The development of electronic information networks has focused attention on the issues of Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) and copyright. The ease with which electronic information can be copied and can be distributed internationally across international frontiers is both the great advantage of modern networks, and a challenge to conventional publishing and copyright law. There is also considerable scope for the violation of the integrity of a published work, for instance the inadvertent or deliberate modification of a text becomes very easy when it is held in electronic form.

Considerable attention has been given to the mechanisms available to publishers and copyright holders to protect their information (Barrow, 1996). Perhaps unfortunately many have addressed the issue by withholding information altogether, and this has probably contributed to the dearth of useful information on the Internet.

Legislation. The basis of any approach to copyright issues must be legal. At heart will be national and international law, that defines the rights of authors to protection and conversely the rights of the users of information to access and exploit published material. Most publishers will also seek to protect their rights by contract, applying conditions as to use and exploitation explicitly.

Technical measures. Many authors have recognised that, whatever legal protections are applied, the key to successful control of copyright lies in applying technical control via Technical Copyright Protection Systems (TCPS). Encryption is perhaps the most common TCPS. Others include the embedding of a permanent indelible identifier within data allowing its subsequent tracing and identification of its source. RAFTWEB: raft.org/ws - riverat.com reserves its rights to embed TCPS encryption in its copyrighted materials.

Much of the debate regarding copyright has been predicated on the assumption that data and information is a valuable commodity whose dissemination should be limited to ensure that the providers of information are suitably rewarded. It may, however, be argued that this is an inappropriate model for the dissemination of scientific information, much of which is financed by agencies with a specific mission to attain wide dissemination of information.

RAFTWEB: raft.org/ws - riverat.com will address copyright through obtaining permission of copyright owners for the use of their information, using the model of a limited license. Under the limited license information would be included within RAFTWEB: raft.org/ws - riverat.com, but users will be asked to agree that while they are permitted to make reasonable use of the information, the ultimate copyright will still reside with the original data provider, who may impose conditions on the subsequent publication and dissemination of the information. It is hoped that in the majority of cases relatively relaxed conditions will be imposed. It is clear that the best way of preventing the release through RAFTWEB: raft.org/ws - riverat.com of sensitive or valuable information will be to provide references to the information, and require users to obtain it directly from the source.



Copyright infringement
occurs whenever copyrighted material is transferred to or from a website without authorization from the copyright owner. Transferring information to and from a website can be done in a few ways. A user can take information from a website by copying or downloading. Or, material can be placed (sometimes called "uploaded" or "posted") from a user's computer onto the website. Any time copyrighted information is transferred to or from a website without authorization from the owner, the owner may have a copyright infringement claim against the copier, the website or both. We'll discuss how to limit liability and what to do if confronted by an angry rights holder. RAFTWEB WebSite links involve another potential area of copyright conflict. A link takes a user from one website page to another simply by clicking on a word or image. Although permission is not needed for a simple word link (also known as a "hypertext" link), it is required when the link comprises a trademark from the linked site (for example, using the RAFTWEB: raft.org/ws - riverat.com logo without permission). Some other types of links known as deep links or framed links also require permission.




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