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Copyright ©2004 The
development of electronic information networks has focused
attention on the issues of Intellectual Property Rights (IPR)
and copyright. The ease with which electronic information can
be copied and can be distributed internationally across
international frontiers is both the great advantage of modern
networks, and a challenge to conventional publishing and
copyright law. There is also considerable scope for the
violation of the integrity of a published work, for instance
the inadvertent or deliberate modification of a text becomes
very easy when it is held in electronic form.
Considerable attention has been given to the mechanisms
available to publishers and copyright holders to protect their
information (Barrow, 1996). Perhaps unfortunately many have
addressed the issue by withholding information altogether, and
this has probably contributed to the dearth of useful
information on the Internet.
Legislation. The basis of any approach to
copyright issues must be legal. At heart will be national and
international law, that defines the rights of authors to
protection and conversely the rights of the users of
information to access and exploit published material. Most
publishers will also seek to protect their rights by contract,
applying conditions as to use and exploitation explicitly.
Technical measures. Many authors have
recognised that, whatever legal protections are applied, the
key to successful control of copyright lies in applying
technical control via Technical Copyright Protection Systems
(TCPS). Encryption is perhaps the most common TCPS. Others
include the embedding of a permanent indelible identifier
within data allowing its subsequent tracing and identification
of its source. RAFTWEB:
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its copyrighted materials.
Much of the debate regarding copyright has been predicated
on the assumption that data and information is a valuable
commodity whose dissemination should be limited to ensure that
the providers of information are suitably rewarded. It may,
however, be argued that this is an inappropriate model for the
dissemination of scientific information, much of which is
financed by agencies with a specific mission to attain wide
dissemination of information.
RAFTWEB:
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limited license information would be included within RAFTWEB:
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they are permitted to make reasonable use of the information,
the ultimate copyright will still reside with the original
data provider, who may impose conditions on the subsequent
publication and dissemination of the information. It is hoped
that in the majority of cases relatively relaxed conditions
will be imposed. It is clear that the best way of preventing
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